1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:01,000 Wow. 2 00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:09,080 Look at this place. 3 00:00:09,080 --> 00:00:15,760 Does this book give us a history of Attila the Hun? 4 00:00:15,760 --> 00:00:21,400 Okay, show me where it goes. 5 00:00:21,400 --> 00:00:23,400 Now all we need to do is find it. 6 00:00:23,400 --> 00:00:26,400 We're going to hell? 7 00:00:26,400 --> 00:00:27,400 Yeah. 8 00:00:27,400 --> 00:00:28,400 Okay. 9 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:31,400 Hold on, hold on, hold on. 10 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:32,400 What's that? 11 00:00:32,400 --> 00:00:33,400 Whoa. 12 00:00:33,400 --> 00:00:35,400 It actually looks like it opens up into a room. 13 00:00:35,400 --> 00:00:36,400 Holy. 14 00:00:36,400 --> 00:00:39,400 Some bones of our phone out there. 15 00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:42,400 Oh, look at that. 16 00:00:42,400 --> 00:00:44,400 That is awesome. 17 00:00:44,400 --> 00:00:53,400 Look at that. 18 00:00:53,400 --> 00:00:54,400 Attila the Hun. 19 00:00:54,400 --> 00:00:57,160 The Romans called him the Scourge of God. 20 00:00:57,160 --> 00:01:01,160 And even today, his name is synonymous with terror. 21 00:01:01,160 --> 00:01:08,660 In the fifth century, Attila and his Hun army conquer more than 200,000 miles prime European 22 00:01:08,660 --> 00:01:14,040 and Asian real estate through brutal attacks. 23 00:01:14,040 --> 00:01:18,960 Legend has it that Attila is not buried in one coffin, but three, nested inside each other 24 00:01:18,960 --> 00:01:22,160 and forged of gold, silver, and iron. 25 00:01:22,160 --> 00:01:27,520 Together, they form a priceless treasure and a maddening mystery since the location of 26 00:01:27,520 --> 00:01:33,960 the burial has been lost for 1500 years. 27 00:01:33,960 --> 00:01:40,360 But now, a recent analysis of a medieval manuscript may be revealing its true location in a long-lost 28 00:01:40,360 --> 00:01:41,360 city. 29 00:01:41,360 --> 00:01:46,640 And an ambitious archaeologist has begun a project to find Attila's tomb at the bottom 30 00:01:46,640 --> 00:01:49,240 of the Danube River. 31 00:01:49,240 --> 00:01:54,280 The lost burial of one of history's most infamous rulers may soon be at hand. 32 00:01:54,280 --> 00:02:00,080 I'm going to join rival teams that are hot on the trail, racing to find a grave of astonishing 33 00:02:00,080 --> 00:02:08,080 significance and a treasure of unimaginable value. 34 00:02:08,080 --> 00:02:09,580 My name is Josh Gates. 35 00:02:09,580 --> 00:02:15,880 Look at that with a degree in archaeology and a passion for exploration. 36 00:02:15,880 --> 00:02:19,920 I have a tendency to end up in some very strange situations. 37 00:02:19,920 --> 00:02:20,920 This is horrible. 38 00:02:20,920 --> 00:02:21,920 This is officially horrible. 39 00:02:21,920 --> 00:02:28,080 My travels have taken me to the ends of the earth as I investigate the greatest legends 40 00:02:28,080 --> 00:02:30,600 in history. 41 00:02:30,600 --> 00:02:40,760 This is Expedition Unknown. 42 00:02:40,760 --> 00:02:52,400 My expedition begins here on the Danube River in the nation of Hungary. 43 00:02:52,400 --> 00:02:56,520 Just a few minutes outside of Budapest, and you'd hardly know that we were in modern-day 44 00:02:56,520 --> 00:02:57,520 Europe. 45 00:02:57,520 --> 00:02:58,840 This could be the Yangtze River in China. 46 00:02:58,840 --> 00:03:00,560 This could be the Amazon. 47 00:03:00,560 --> 00:03:04,920 This is largely the view as it would have been 1500 years ago. 48 00:03:04,920 --> 00:03:10,640 Back then, this was the hinterland of the Roman Empire, a wild and dangerous frontier. 49 00:03:10,640 --> 00:03:15,520 And that made it the perfect playground for a marauding group of warriors known as the 50 00:03:15,520 --> 00:03:17,640 Huns. 51 00:03:17,640 --> 00:03:23,040 Back then, Rome controlled most of Western Europe, parts of Asia and Northern Africa. 52 00:03:23,040 --> 00:03:28,560 But then in the late 300s, the Huns charged in from Eastern Mongolia. 53 00:03:28,560 --> 00:03:35,360 But it wasn't until Attila rose to leadership in 434 that they went from a disorganized 54 00:03:35,360 --> 00:03:38,240 gang into continental conquerors. 55 00:03:38,240 --> 00:03:43,040 Once on the throne, he began expanding the vast Hun Empire, which took over Northern 56 00:03:43,040 --> 00:03:45,920 Europe and huge sections of Asia. 57 00:03:45,920 --> 00:03:48,080 But how did they pull it off? 58 00:03:48,080 --> 00:03:53,640 To really understand the man behind the myth on Headed Up River, to meet an expert who 59 00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:58,280 can give me some insight into what made Attila such a terrifying and terrifyingly effective 60 00:03:58,280 --> 00:04:00,840 leader. 61 00:04:00,840 --> 00:04:05,840 I disembark in the town of Estragon and make my way to the nearby Falcon Valley Archery 62 00:04:05,840 --> 00:04:08,720 Academy. 63 00:04:08,720 --> 00:04:13,720 I'm here to meet with Dr. Hidan Chaba, one of Europe's top historians on all things 64 00:04:13,720 --> 00:04:16,480 Attila, even the outfits. 65 00:04:16,480 --> 00:04:19,320 Just to be clear, I didn't ask him to dress like this. 66 00:04:19,320 --> 00:04:20,720 He's just super into it. 67 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:21,720 Nice to meet you. 68 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:22,720 Nice to meet you. 69 00:04:22,720 --> 00:04:23,720 You look incredible. 70 00:04:23,720 --> 00:04:28,200 You're the man I need to talk to, obviously, because I need some context for Attila. 71 00:04:28,200 --> 00:04:34,160 Attila the Hun is, I think, a name that most people in the West know. 72 00:04:34,160 --> 00:04:36,760 But a lot of people, I think, probably don't know much about the man. 73 00:04:36,760 --> 00:04:37,760 What kind of man was he? 74 00:04:37,760 --> 00:04:43,360 He was charismatic, but also he was very terrifying. 75 00:04:43,360 --> 00:04:48,720 Because I think every great ruler is. 76 00:04:48,720 --> 00:04:53,400 While the Huns possessed a reputation for savagery, Attila was unusually tolerant for 77 00:04:53,400 --> 00:04:58,160 his day, seeing an advantage in allowing the conqueror to keep their cultures and even 78 00:04:58,160 --> 00:05:01,040 religions. 79 00:05:01,040 --> 00:05:04,760 And as Hidan is about to show me, the Huns' true edge was military. 80 00:05:04,760 --> 00:05:06,760 Oh my God. 81 00:05:06,760 --> 00:05:09,760 Look at that speed. 82 00:05:09,760 --> 00:05:15,160 Look at that power. 83 00:05:15,160 --> 00:05:26,120 This is how they conquer Europe and part of Asia. 84 00:05:26,120 --> 00:05:30,680 The Huns were expert-mounted archers, and they used the type of composite bow that delivered 85 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:32,000 lethal power. 86 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:37,200 Today, the riders at this academy continue to train using Hun military techniques. 87 00:05:37,200 --> 00:05:40,680 And having seen their skills, I try to stay on their good side. 88 00:05:40,680 --> 00:05:41,680 Hello. 89 00:05:41,680 --> 00:05:42,680 Incredible, guys. 90 00:05:42,680 --> 00:05:43,680 Incredible. 91 00:05:43,680 --> 00:05:44,680 You guys are awesome. 92 00:05:44,680 --> 00:05:46,320 That was really sensational. 93 00:05:46,320 --> 00:05:48,360 For us, it is in the blood. 94 00:05:48,360 --> 00:05:49,360 Yes. 95 00:05:49,360 --> 00:05:51,520 Do you want to try? 96 00:05:51,520 --> 00:05:52,520 I'll try. 97 00:05:52,520 --> 00:05:56,080 Everybody get behind something. 98 00:05:56,080 --> 00:06:00,920 To prepare for my debut as a Hun warrior, I'm attended to by several Hun apprentices. 99 00:06:00,920 --> 00:06:03,720 Guys can get used to this. 100 00:06:03,720 --> 00:06:04,720 Focus on all targets. 101 00:06:04,720 --> 00:06:09,520 You have to focus on the horse, the bull, the target to be shooting everything in one 102 00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:10,520 time. 103 00:06:10,520 --> 00:06:12,760 All right. 104 00:06:12,760 --> 00:06:17,360 So after exactly four minutes of mostly verbal training, it's time to discover if I have 105 00:06:17,360 --> 00:06:19,880 what it takes to take out the Roman Empire. 106 00:06:19,880 --> 00:06:20,880 Be the bow. 107 00:06:20,880 --> 00:06:21,880 Be the bow. 108 00:06:21,880 --> 00:06:22,880 Spoiler alert. 109 00:06:22,880 --> 00:06:23,880 I don't. 110 00:06:23,880 --> 00:06:24,880 Okay, here we go. 111 00:06:24,880 --> 00:06:31,880 Here we go. 112 00:06:31,880 --> 00:06:35,920 Here we go. 113 00:06:35,920 --> 00:06:39,620 My first approach at the target, and I can't even get a shot on. 114 00:06:39,620 --> 00:06:44,760 Strike one. 115 00:06:44,760 --> 00:06:45,760 Strike two. 116 00:06:45,760 --> 00:06:51,520 It turns out shooting an arrow from a moving horse isn't as hard as it looks. 117 00:06:51,520 --> 00:06:53,540 It's way harder. 118 00:06:54,540 --> 00:06:59,220 And strike three. 119 00:06:59,220 --> 00:07:01,220 It's so hard. 120 00:07:01,220 --> 00:07:02,220 Okay. 121 00:07:02,220 --> 00:07:03,220 I got it. 122 00:07:03,220 --> 00:07:04,220 Okay, Josh. 123 00:07:04,220 --> 00:07:05,220 Focus. 124 00:07:05,220 --> 00:07:08,780 Let's give this thing one more try. 125 00:07:08,780 --> 00:07:14,420 Finally, I managed to actually fire an arrow. 126 00:07:14,420 --> 00:07:20,620 And by my last time around, I'm starting to feel like a Hun. 127 00:07:20,620 --> 00:07:22,020 All right. 128 00:07:22,020 --> 00:07:24,140 I'm going to try to get a junior Hun. 129 00:07:24,140 --> 00:07:28,060 Okay, so how did I do? 130 00:07:28,060 --> 00:07:29,780 You missed his head twice? 131 00:07:29,780 --> 00:07:30,780 Uh-huh. 132 00:07:30,780 --> 00:07:32,980 You hit the shield three times? 133 00:07:32,980 --> 00:07:37,260 After multiple attempts, I wasn't able to kill that Roman soldier. 134 00:07:37,260 --> 00:07:40,220 But I did make him a soprano. 135 00:07:40,220 --> 00:07:43,060 At the very least, he's having a terrible night. 136 00:07:43,060 --> 00:07:47,140 With a better understanding of what made the Hun so effective, it's time to part ways 137 00:07:47,140 --> 00:07:51,260 with my trusty steed. 138 00:07:51,260 --> 00:07:54,540 To get to my next location, I pick up a local four-wheel drive vehicle. 139 00:07:54,540 --> 00:07:59,260 By which I mean this thing has four wheels and I can technically drive it. 140 00:07:59,260 --> 00:08:05,260 I can't believe it started. 141 00:08:05,260 --> 00:08:12,620 This is a Soviet-made Buaz 469 light utility vehicle. 142 00:08:12,620 --> 00:08:18,220 Comes with all the amenities you might expect, including way too many shifter knobs, an abundance 143 00:08:18,220 --> 00:08:21,420 of buttons and switches that seem to do nothing. 144 00:08:21,420 --> 00:08:22,420 And what else? 145 00:08:22,420 --> 00:08:31,020 Uh, oh, a full Cold War-era Spy listening station. 146 00:08:31,020 --> 00:08:36,620 You know, just in case you want to tap a few phone calls. 147 00:08:36,620 --> 00:08:40,780 Since I'm not looking for trouble with the CIA, I return to my hunt for one of the world's 148 00:08:40,780 --> 00:08:42,780 greatest lost treasures. 149 00:08:42,780 --> 00:08:48,060 When it comes to the location of Attila the Hun's tomb, there is one legend that rises 150 00:08:48,060 --> 00:08:49,060 above all the rest. 151 00:08:49,060 --> 00:08:53,860 And that's that Attila isn't actually buried in the ground at all, but that he's buried 152 00:08:53,860 --> 00:08:55,740 underwater. 153 00:08:55,740 --> 00:09:00,120 The story goes that after his death, a river was painstakingly diverted. 154 00:09:00,120 --> 00:09:04,900 His casket was placed in the ground, and then the water was allowed to flow back over him. 155 00:09:04,900 --> 00:09:09,340 If that story is true, it's no wonder that his tomb has been so difficult to find. 156 00:09:09,780 --> 00:09:13,380 But there is one man who believes he may be able to change all that. 157 00:09:13,380 --> 00:09:18,860 He's Hungary's premier underwater archaeologist, a man whose name also happens to be Attila. 158 00:09:18,860 --> 00:09:20,860 Attila Yanoshtov. 159 00:09:20,860 --> 00:09:26,780 To reach him, I drive 30 miles south of Estregan to the city of Rakhvei. 160 00:09:26,780 --> 00:09:32,580 And I find him where you'd expect to find any good maritime archaeologist near the water. 161 00:09:32,580 --> 00:09:33,580 Hello. 162 00:09:33,580 --> 00:09:34,580 I'm Josh. 163 00:09:34,580 --> 00:09:35,580 I'm Attila. 164 00:09:35,580 --> 00:09:36,580 Nice to meet you. 165 00:09:36,580 --> 00:09:37,580 Very nice to meet you too. 166 00:09:37,820 --> 00:09:40,900 Have you ever been in the Danube or no? 167 00:09:40,900 --> 00:09:42,340 Unfortunately, not too much. 168 00:09:42,340 --> 00:09:45,860 So it means that the rivers are full of material. 169 00:09:45,860 --> 00:09:48,020 And maybe the tomb of Attila the Hun? 170 00:09:48,020 --> 00:09:50,020 Yes, we have a possibility. 171 00:09:50,020 --> 00:09:51,940 I would be glad to find it. 172 00:09:51,940 --> 00:09:52,940 Yeah, exactly. 173 00:09:52,940 --> 00:10:01,860 If I were very Attila in the river, I would choose a place close to an island. 174 00:10:01,860 --> 00:10:06,260 Damning a river is no easy feat today, and we have the Army Corps of Engineers. 175 00:10:06,260 --> 00:10:09,540 The Huns had logs and rocks. 176 00:10:09,540 --> 00:10:15,220 The Danube is a wide river, and damming the entire thing would have been all but impossible. 177 00:10:15,220 --> 00:10:19,300 Experts believe the Huns would have chosen a section with an island near the shore, which 178 00:10:19,300 --> 00:10:25,020 would have allowed them to dam a smaller span, and then bury the body before re-releasing 179 00:10:25,020 --> 00:10:26,580 the water. 180 00:10:26,580 --> 00:10:28,500 And where are you searching now? 181 00:10:28,500 --> 00:10:32,220 We have a very, very, very promising area. 182 00:10:32,220 --> 00:10:39,380 Here in the neighborhood, we have four small islands never explored before, and we expect 183 00:10:39,380 --> 00:10:41,300 some discoveries there. 184 00:10:43,300 --> 00:10:47,740 Anxious to explore these promising areas, we grab our gear and walk down to the banks 185 00:10:47,740 --> 00:10:52,300 of the Danube, where the doctor has a small boat waiting to begin the search. 186 00:10:52,300 --> 00:10:55,260 Okay, we're off. 187 00:10:56,260 --> 00:11:03,860 We motor toward Attila's target zone, islands, where he thinks the Huns dammed a section 188 00:11:03,860 --> 00:11:05,500 of the mighty Danube. 189 00:11:05,500 --> 00:11:08,940 Give me kind of a lay of the land out here. 190 00:11:08,940 --> 00:11:13,220 This is the great Hungarian plain, Attila's land. 191 00:11:13,220 --> 00:11:15,980 The other side, it is the Roman Empire. 192 00:11:15,980 --> 00:11:19,700 So we are between Attila's land and the Roman Empire. 193 00:11:19,700 --> 00:11:23,060 Wow, so how do you search that much river? 194 00:11:23,260 --> 00:11:28,580 Well, you need time and technology, and this is what we have, a side-scan sonar. 195 00:11:28,580 --> 00:11:33,060 Side-scan sonar works by dragging a sensor behind us as we cover the area. 196 00:11:33,060 --> 00:11:38,180 The sensor will send sonar pulses to the riverbed and receive real-time topography of the bottom 197 00:11:38,180 --> 00:11:39,180 of the Danube. 198 00:11:39,180 --> 00:11:40,180 Look, kind of squared off. 199 00:11:40,180 --> 00:11:43,180 A lot of things, a lot of things right there, wow. 200 00:11:43,180 --> 00:11:46,300 Yes, but this could be just maybe a fish. 201 00:11:46,300 --> 00:11:47,300 Right. 202 00:11:47,300 --> 00:11:50,940 The sonar is already picking up lots of small debris on the bottom. 203 00:11:50,940 --> 00:11:55,540 Having used this type of technology before, I don't expect to get a promising hit anytime 204 00:11:55,540 --> 00:11:57,540 soon. 205 00:11:57,540 --> 00:11:59,540 Turns out, I'm dead wrong. 206 00:11:59,540 --> 00:12:01,540 Look, oh, what's that? 207 00:12:01,540 --> 00:12:03,540 It's big. 208 00:12:08,940 --> 00:12:13,780 I'm in the middle of the Danube River in Hungary, along with a maritime archaeologist. 209 00:12:13,780 --> 00:12:18,380 Using side-scan sonar, we're searching for signs of the casket of Attila the Hun, which 210 00:12:18,380 --> 00:12:23,260 is said to be crafted in layers of solid gold, silver and iron. 211 00:12:23,260 --> 00:12:26,260 And we just got a hit. 212 00:12:26,260 --> 00:12:28,260 Look, oh, what's that? 213 00:12:28,260 --> 00:12:29,260 It's a wreck. 214 00:12:29,260 --> 00:12:30,260 It's a wreck? 215 00:12:30,260 --> 00:12:31,260 Yes. 216 00:12:31,260 --> 00:12:32,260 That's a wreck, that's a shipwreck. 217 00:12:32,260 --> 00:12:34,260 Yes, not a big ship, but... 218 00:12:34,260 --> 00:12:35,260 A ship? 219 00:12:35,260 --> 00:12:36,260 Come on! 220 00:12:36,260 --> 00:12:37,260 It's a 10-meter sonar. 221 00:12:37,260 --> 00:12:39,500 And you have it on GPS so we know where it is. 222 00:12:39,500 --> 00:12:40,500 Yes, yes, yes, yes. 223 00:12:40,500 --> 00:12:41,980 This is why I love sonar. 224 00:12:41,980 --> 00:12:45,380 On land, archaeology, digging in a trench with a toothbrush. 225 00:12:45,380 --> 00:12:46,380 Yes. 226 00:12:46,380 --> 00:12:50,380 And on the sonar, you just fly over it and it doesn't lie, it's astounding. 227 00:12:50,380 --> 00:12:53,380 So in terms of Attila, though, what would we be looking for? 228 00:12:53,380 --> 00:12:57,380 The Tomb of Attila and the dam downstream of the island. 229 00:12:57,380 --> 00:13:02,380 These are artificial objects, huge, big earthworms. 230 00:13:02,380 --> 00:13:06,380 On the sonar, you could see first the dam, which they built. 231 00:13:06,380 --> 00:13:12,380 Even if it destroyed, some evidence for the dam is existing that you can see with the sonar. 232 00:13:12,380 --> 00:13:13,380 Right. 233 00:13:13,380 --> 00:13:18,380 And then there's the tomb, which is a big rectangle with very strong reflection, this 234 00:13:18,380 --> 00:13:19,380 kind of thing. 235 00:13:19,380 --> 00:13:20,380 Yeah. 236 00:13:20,380 --> 00:13:23,380 We log the location of the boat and continue our scan. 237 00:13:23,380 --> 00:13:28,380 For the next several hours, we go up and down the banks looking for additional clues. 238 00:13:28,380 --> 00:13:32,380 And finally, the sonar senses something sizable beneath us. 239 00:13:32,380 --> 00:13:33,380 What's that? 240 00:13:33,380 --> 00:13:34,380 Oh, look at this. 241 00:13:34,380 --> 00:13:35,380 What is that? 242 00:13:35,380 --> 00:13:36,380 Boxes. 243 00:13:36,380 --> 00:13:37,380 Very big. 244 00:13:37,380 --> 00:13:39,380 Whoa, whoa, whoa, what is that? 245 00:13:39,380 --> 00:13:43,380 Large and rectangular object, one meter long. 246 00:13:43,380 --> 00:13:44,380 Oh, look at here. 247 00:13:44,380 --> 00:13:45,380 And more. 248 00:13:45,380 --> 00:13:46,380 More. 249 00:13:46,380 --> 00:13:47,380 One, two, three, four. 250 00:13:47,380 --> 00:13:48,380 That's crazy. 251 00:13:48,380 --> 00:13:49,380 What is that? 252 00:13:49,380 --> 00:13:51,380 Well, there is only one thing to do. 253 00:13:51,380 --> 00:13:52,380 Dive. 254 00:13:52,380 --> 00:13:53,380 Yes. 255 00:13:53,380 --> 00:14:00,380 Let's get in the water. 256 00:14:00,380 --> 00:14:05,380 We plunge into the frigid Danube and head down to the rectangular shaped object spotted 257 00:14:05,380 --> 00:14:08,380 by the sonar. 258 00:14:08,380 --> 00:14:12,380 This ability is almost nothing. 259 00:14:12,380 --> 00:14:16,380 The muddy bottom of the Danube is really churning, so our eyes are useless. 260 00:14:16,380 --> 00:14:21,880 We decide to employ the low tech method of swatting randomly with our arms, which turns 261 00:14:21,880 --> 00:14:23,380 out to be surprisingly effective. 262 00:14:23,380 --> 00:14:25,380 I'm on top of the object. 263 00:14:25,380 --> 00:14:31,380 I can feel it, but I can't tell what it is. 264 00:14:31,380 --> 00:14:36,380 The object is way too heavy to carry, so we attach an inflatable lift bag to pull it off 265 00:14:36,380 --> 00:14:37,380 the riverbed. 266 00:14:37,380 --> 00:14:43,380 Then we use the rope to drag the object over to a dock on the nearby island, where we can 267 00:14:43,380 --> 00:14:46,380 pull it ashore. 268 00:14:46,380 --> 00:14:47,380 Holy. 269 00:14:47,380 --> 00:14:48,380 Okay. 270 00:14:48,380 --> 00:14:49,380 Okay, careful. 271 00:14:49,380 --> 00:14:50,380 Don't get under it. 272 00:14:50,380 --> 00:14:51,380 Oh, my God. 273 00:14:51,380 --> 00:14:52,380 It is huge. 274 00:14:52,380 --> 00:14:53,380 Definitely metal. 275 00:14:53,380 --> 00:14:54,380 Filled with mud. 276 00:14:54,380 --> 00:14:59,380 I don't know if it's filled with anything else, but look, this looks modern up here. 277 00:14:59,380 --> 00:15:00,380 Yeah. 278 00:15:00,380 --> 00:15:03,380 It could be even Second World War. 279 00:15:03,380 --> 00:15:05,380 That's what I was thinking, yeah? 280 00:15:05,380 --> 00:15:10,380 We're looking for a metallic coffin, but this box, while intriguing, just isn't from the 281 00:15:10,380 --> 00:15:11,380 right time period. 282 00:15:11,380 --> 00:15:13,380 This is World War II, yeah? 283 00:15:13,380 --> 00:15:14,380 It looks like. 284 00:15:14,380 --> 00:15:18,380 Though it's not Attila's tomb, this container is a piece of history. 285 00:15:18,380 --> 00:15:23,380 This section of the Danube saw brutal fighting between German and Allied forces. 286 00:15:23,380 --> 00:15:28,380 We've likely just dredged up a remnant of the Nazi presence here in Hungary. 287 00:15:28,380 --> 00:15:32,380 Not the tomb of Attila the Hun, but a piece of history nonetheless. 288 00:15:32,380 --> 00:15:33,380 Yeah. 289 00:15:33,380 --> 00:15:34,380 That's incredible. 290 00:15:34,380 --> 00:15:39,380 Since we don't have a Hun-sized army to pull the chest all the way out. 291 00:15:39,380 --> 00:15:42,380 Back down into the dark. 292 00:15:42,380 --> 00:15:47,380 We let it sink back into the depths, where the golden tomb may also be left behind. 293 00:15:47,380 --> 00:15:51,380 Dr. Toth will be back to scan the Danube on another day. 294 00:15:51,380 --> 00:15:55,380 But after my time on the river, I realize that if the Huns did want to keep the grave 295 00:15:55,380 --> 00:16:01,380 a secret by burying Attila underwater, then it's a plan that's working. 296 00:16:01,380 --> 00:16:06,380 But not everyone believes he's in the water. 297 00:16:06,380 --> 00:16:12,380 The next morning, I push my Soviet rust heap the 30 miles to the bottom of the Danube. 298 00:16:13,380 --> 00:16:18,380 The next morning, I push my Soviet rust heap the 30 miles to Budapest. 299 00:16:21,380 --> 00:16:25,380 I'm here to look at some research that suggests Attila was buried on land, 300 00:16:25,380 --> 00:16:30,380 and to take in the sights of one of Europe's most beautiful cities. 301 00:16:32,380 --> 00:16:34,380 I first came here in the 90s. 302 00:16:34,380 --> 00:16:37,380 Communism had collapsed, the economy was in ruins, 303 00:16:37,380 --> 00:16:42,380 and if I'm being honest, the whole city felt as though it was cloaked in a depressing shade of grey. 304 00:16:42,380 --> 00:16:46,380 But what a difference a few decades makes, because colour has returned to Budapest, 305 00:16:46,380 --> 00:16:50,380 and on the streets you can feel an electric energy, a new generation, 306 00:16:50,380 --> 00:16:55,380 that is returning this city to its rightful place as one of Europe's coolest capitals. 307 00:16:55,380 --> 00:16:58,380 In short, Budapest is back. 308 00:17:01,380 --> 00:17:05,380 As I head to my meeting, I make sure to stroll through Memento Park. 309 00:17:05,380 --> 00:17:09,380 A repository of all the statues from the country's communist era. 310 00:17:09,380 --> 00:17:11,380 All your favourites are here. 311 00:17:11,380 --> 00:17:15,380 Lenin, and of course Joseph Stalin, or at least his boots. 312 00:17:15,380 --> 00:17:21,380 The only intact remains of an 85-foot likeness that was torn down in the failed 1956 uprising. 313 00:17:22,380 --> 00:17:25,380 The love of statuary seems to be a Hungarian obsession. 314 00:17:25,380 --> 00:17:28,380 Around Budapest are other statues. 315 00:17:28,380 --> 00:17:30,380 Sorry, I don't mean to bother you. 316 00:17:30,380 --> 00:17:31,380 Thanks. 317 00:17:31,380 --> 00:17:34,380 Peter Faulk in Costumas Colombo. 318 00:17:35,380 --> 00:17:38,380 Ronald Reagan in Costume as a President. 319 00:17:38,380 --> 00:17:40,380 Perfect, you were great. 320 00:17:40,380 --> 00:17:44,380 And a statue of one of the most important writers in the country's storied past. 321 00:17:44,380 --> 00:17:45,380 Anonymous. 322 00:17:45,380 --> 00:17:47,380 No, it's not a joke. 323 00:17:47,380 --> 00:17:53,380 It's actually a specific anonymous writer who penned the oldest and most significant book in Hungarian history. 324 00:17:53,380 --> 00:17:55,380 The Gesta Hungarorum. 325 00:17:55,380 --> 00:17:59,380 It's the definitive chronicle of the origins of the Hungarian people, 326 00:17:59,380 --> 00:18:04,380 and it may contain an important clue in The Hunt for Attila the Hun. 327 00:18:05,380 --> 00:18:10,380 The original 800-year-old manuscript is kept in Budapest Grand Central Library, 328 00:18:10,380 --> 00:18:13,380 where I'm meeting with Dr. Borbala Aversanski. 329 00:18:13,380 --> 00:18:17,380 She's going to give me an exclusive look at this priceless medieval manuscript, 330 00:18:17,380 --> 00:18:20,380 in a special humidity-controlled chamber. 331 00:18:26,380 --> 00:18:29,380 So, does this book give us a history of Attila the Hun? 332 00:18:29,380 --> 00:18:33,380 No, no, it's a history of King Arpad. 333 00:18:33,380 --> 00:18:36,380 King Arpad. And Arpad is later than Attila, yes? 334 00:18:36,380 --> 00:18:39,380 Yes, later he's Grand, Grand, Grandson. 335 00:18:42,380 --> 00:18:49,380 King Arpad, who ruled about 450 years after Attila, is considered the first king of Hungary as we know it. 336 00:18:49,380 --> 00:18:55,380 Arpad was obsessed with Attila and leveraged his name and lineage for his own political power. 337 00:18:55,380 --> 00:18:59,380 How does this history of Arpad help us to find Attila the Hun's tomb? 338 00:18:59,380 --> 00:19:06,380 If we find the tomb of King Arpad, we can find the tomb of Attila. 339 00:19:07,380 --> 00:19:14,380 The Guest of Hungarorum describes King Arpad as discovering the capital city of Attila the Hun, a place known as Secambria. 340 00:19:16,380 --> 00:19:23,380 The manuscript says that Arpad wanted to be buried next to Attila, so upon his death Arpad was interred in Secambria. 341 00:19:23,380 --> 00:19:28,380 Unfortunately, the city has once again been lost to history and remains so to this day. 342 00:19:29,380 --> 00:19:33,380 Wow, well that's an amazing start, it certainly gives us a lot to go on. 343 00:19:33,380 --> 00:19:34,380 Now all we need to do is find it. 344 00:19:34,380 --> 00:19:35,380 Yes, again. 345 00:19:37,380 --> 00:19:43,380 So according to the Guesta, the lost city of Secambria contains not one, but two royal tombs. 346 00:19:44,380 --> 00:19:52,380 King Arpad of Hungary and the glittering sarcophagi of Attila the Hun find Secambria and we find Attila. 347 00:19:53,380 --> 00:19:59,380 So the many clues laid out in the Guesta Hungarorum and other historic sources are really compelling, 348 00:19:59,380 --> 00:20:04,380 but they don't exactly give a clear picture of where to look for Attila's tomb. 349 00:20:04,380 --> 00:20:09,380 But there is one professor here in Hungary who believes that he's close to piecing it all together. 350 00:20:09,380 --> 00:20:14,380 I'm headed to meet with a professor who's been leading the charge on deciphering the location of Secambria. 351 00:20:14,380 --> 00:20:18,380 I find him and his assistant waiting for me at a local airfield. 352 00:20:18,380 --> 00:20:19,380 Miriam, nice to meet you. 353 00:20:19,380 --> 00:20:21,380 Very nice to meet you, professor. 354 00:20:21,380 --> 00:20:25,380 I understand you've got a hot lead on Secambria. 355 00:20:25,380 --> 00:20:26,380 I know where it is. 356 00:20:26,380 --> 00:20:27,380 You know where it is? 357 00:20:27,380 --> 00:20:28,380 I can show you. 358 00:20:28,380 --> 00:20:29,380 You can? 359 00:20:29,380 --> 00:20:30,380 Absolutely. 360 00:20:30,380 --> 00:20:31,380 We will fly by this helicopter. 361 00:20:31,380 --> 00:20:34,380 We will take an air tour to the Secambria. 362 00:20:34,380 --> 00:20:35,380 I like your confidence. 363 00:20:35,380 --> 00:20:36,380 He's sure about that. 364 00:20:36,380 --> 00:20:37,380 He's very confident. 365 00:20:37,380 --> 00:20:38,380 He knows his stuff. 366 00:20:38,380 --> 00:20:42,380 He's been researching this for the last 16 years, so he's absolutely confident. 367 00:20:42,380 --> 00:20:43,380 I like this guy. 368 00:20:43,380 --> 00:20:44,380 Okay. 369 00:20:44,380 --> 00:20:45,380 Are you coming with? 370 00:20:45,380 --> 00:20:46,380 No, I'm staying. 371 00:20:46,380 --> 00:20:47,380 You're staying down here. 372 00:20:47,380 --> 00:20:48,380 Yeah, I'm staying down here. 373 00:20:48,380 --> 00:20:49,380 Okay, well we'll be back. 374 00:20:49,380 --> 00:20:50,380 All right guys. 375 00:20:51,380 --> 00:20:56,380 Dr. Lansky believes that Secambria is just a short helicopter ride away. 376 00:20:56,380 --> 00:20:57,380 Okay, let's try. 377 00:20:57,380 --> 00:20:58,380 Sounds good. 378 00:20:58,380 --> 00:20:59,380 Let's do it. 379 00:20:59,380 --> 00:21:10,380 Which means that if he's correct, by tonight, I could be face to face with Attila the Hun. 380 00:21:10,380 --> 00:21:15,380 My search for the golden tomb of Attila the Hun has brought me to the skies over Hungary. 381 00:21:15,380 --> 00:21:19,380 I get a bird's eye view of what this professor claims is Secambria. 382 00:21:19,380 --> 00:21:23,380 Attila's lost capital and the sight of his missing burial. 383 00:21:23,380 --> 00:21:27,380 You looked at all of these old maps and manuscripts and documents. 384 00:21:27,380 --> 00:21:30,380 How did you make sense of all that? 385 00:21:30,380 --> 00:21:37,380 Old manuscripts referred to King Arpad, who ruled 400 years after Attila. 386 00:21:37,380 --> 00:21:41,380 They say his troops crossed the Danube, and in the mountains, they arrived at Attila's 387 00:21:41,380 --> 00:21:43,380 old capital of Secambria. 388 00:21:43,380 --> 00:21:47,380 That's near where we are right now, and we believe that's where Attila is buried. 389 00:21:47,380 --> 00:21:53,380 The professor has also discovered a 16th century map that lists the city of Secambria by name, 390 00:21:53,380 --> 00:21:55,380 which most maps of the area do not. 391 00:21:55,380 --> 00:22:00,380 You can see on this map, here's the Danube, this area is the mountains, and here is Secambria. 392 00:22:00,380 --> 00:22:01,380 That's it. 393 00:22:01,380 --> 00:22:02,380 That's it. 394 00:22:02,380 --> 00:22:03,380 That's it. 395 00:22:03,380 --> 00:22:04,380 That's Secambria. 396 00:22:04,380 --> 00:22:05,380 This is Secambria. 397 00:22:05,380 --> 00:22:07,380 I hope that you did that. 398 00:22:07,380 --> 00:22:11,380 To confirm the accuracy of his theory, he's gone one step further. 399 00:22:11,380 --> 00:22:15,380 He's conducted thermal scans of the entire area from above. 400 00:22:15,380 --> 00:22:19,380 How do you know where in the mountains it's still a big area? 401 00:22:19,380 --> 00:22:23,380 The old documents tell us Attila was buried near a natural spring. 402 00:22:23,380 --> 00:22:27,380 This infrared map of the area indicates an old spring here. 403 00:22:27,380 --> 00:22:31,380 Also, the outline of this area lines up with this shape of the original castle. 404 00:22:31,380 --> 00:22:34,380 Oh, do you think Attila is down there, too? 405 00:22:34,380 --> 00:22:35,380 I think so. 406 00:22:35,380 --> 00:22:38,380 The professor's confidence is infectious. 407 00:22:38,380 --> 00:22:43,380 But from the air, I can't even see the ground below the forest, let alone a lost capital. 408 00:22:43,380 --> 00:22:45,380 We'd like to see what's underneath the trees. 409 00:22:45,380 --> 00:22:47,380 Can you show me on the ground? 410 00:22:47,380 --> 00:22:48,380 Yes, I can. 411 00:22:48,380 --> 00:22:49,380 You can? 412 00:22:49,380 --> 00:22:50,380 I can. 413 00:22:50,380 --> 00:22:51,380 Well, let's get on the ground then. 414 00:22:51,380 --> 00:22:54,380 We bring the helicopter in for a landing and set off into the woods on foot. 415 00:22:54,380 --> 00:23:01,380 I'm beyond anxious to get a closer look at what could be a lost city and the tomb of Attila the Hun. 416 00:23:01,380 --> 00:23:03,380 So this is Secambria? 417 00:23:03,380 --> 00:23:05,380 Yeah, this is part of Secambria. 418 00:23:05,380 --> 00:23:07,380 This is the castle of Secambria. 419 00:23:07,380 --> 00:23:11,380 We consult several maps and a historic document which the professor has uncovered. 420 00:23:11,380 --> 00:23:14,380 They all appear to be depicting the same structures. 421 00:23:14,380 --> 00:23:16,380 You see, and so it does line up shape-wise. 422 00:23:16,380 --> 00:23:17,380 It does line up shape-wise. 423 00:23:17,380 --> 00:23:18,380 Yeah, with that outer courtyard. 424 00:23:18,380 --> 00:23:19,380 Wow, that's interesting. 425 00:23:19,380 --> 00:23:24,380 Considering this may be the site of an ancient city, we've got a lot of ground to cover. 426 00:23:24,380 --> 00:23:29,380 Dr. Lansky takes us to what he believes was once the outer wall of Attila's castle. 427 00:23:34,380 --> 00:23:36,380 Oh, wow, look at that. 428 00:23:37,380 --> 00:23:40,380 It's perfectly squared off, yeah? 429 00:23:40,380 --> 00:23:45,380 So we have these really rectangular pieces that do certainly look cut. 430 00:23:45,380 --> 00:23:48,380 I mean, they look like, you know, this doesn't look natural. 431 00:23:48,380 --> 00:23:49,380 No, definitely. 432 00:23:49,380 --> 00:23:51,380 This is the outer wall, you think, of Secambria. 433 00:23:51,380 --> 00:23:52,380 Yes. 434 00:23:52,380 --> 00:23:57,380 The doctor believes the reason there aren't more ruins here is that in the 16th century, 435 00:23:57,380 --> 00:24:00,380 townspeople reused all of Secambria's stones. 436 00:24:01,380 --> 00:24:07,380 As we wander the site, I have to admit there are bits of stone here that look decidedly man-made. 437 00:24:07,380 --> 00:24:10,380 We see what he believes is part of a fortification wall, 438 00:24:10,380 --> 00:24:14,380 and the remains of what was once a soaring minaret tower. 439 00:24:14,380 --> 00:24:20,380 Finally, we arrive at a massive rock wall where Professor Lansky is convinced Attila is entombed. 440 00:24:20,380 --> 00:24:22,380 So this is, this is dramatic here. 441 00:24:22,380 --> 00:24:25,380 You think this is the spot, this is the burial area. 442 00:24:25,380 --> 00:24:32,380 We're sure that this is the resting place of Arpad, 443 00:24:32,380 --> 00:24:35,380 and if it's Arpad's resting place, then Attila has to be here too. 444 00:24:35,380 --> 00:24:38,380 There must be a chamber, an empty space behind there. 445 00:24:39,380 --> 00:24:41,380 So the question is, how can you prove that? 446 00:24:41,380 --> 00:24:43,380 How do we know that there's something back there? 447 00:24:43,380 --> 00:24:44,380 Can you, can you dig it out? 448 00:24:44,380 --> 00:24:45,380 Come on, I'll show you. 449 00:24:45,380 --> 00:24:46,380 Thank you. 450 00:24:52,380 --> 00:24:57,380 Lansky leads me up to the top of the hill, where he's already begun an unusual excavation. 451 00:24:57,380 --> 00:25:02,380 With the state's permission, he's bored five holes into the hillside with a well-drilling rig. 452 00:25:02,380 --> 00:25:08,380 Now, using a state-of-the-art snake camera, we're going to get our first look at the inside of the hill, 453 00:25:08,380 --> 00:25:11,380 and possibly the tomb of Attila Vahan. 454 00:25:12,380 --> 00:25:14,380 Okay, sending it down. 455 00:25:17,380 --> 00:25:18,380 What was that? 456 00:25:18,380 --> 00:25:19,380 You see that? 457 00:25:19,380 --> 00:25:21,380 It widens out, yeah? 458 00:25:21,380 --> 00:25:23,380 It's still a shadow, but yeah. 459 00:25:23,380 --> 00:25:27,380 The further down we send the camera, the wider the passages become. 460 00:25:27,380 --> 00:25:28,380 It keeps going. 461 00:25:28,380 --> 00:25:29,380 Actually, it's getting bigger. 462 00:25:29,380 --> 00:25:30,380 It's getting really bigger. 463 00:25:30,380 --> 00:25:33,380 Until something catches my eye that makes me look twice. 464 00:25:33,380 --> 00:25:35,380 Hold on, hold on, hold on, what's that? 465 00:25:35,380 --> 00:25:36,380 Look there. 466 00:25:37,380 --> 00:25:38,380 It's usually like this. 467 00:25:38,380 --> 00:25:39,380 That's the chamber. 468 00:25:40,380 --> 00:25:43,380 That actually looks like it opens up into a room. 469 00:25:43,380 --> 00:25:45,380 Then what? 470 00:25:45,380 --> 00:25:48,380 Finding a chamber suggests that we might be looking in the right place, 471 00:25:48,380 --> 00:25:51,380 but we've got a few more feet of line to go. 472 00:25:53,380 --> 00:25:54,380 Whoa! 473 00:26:02,380 --> 00:26:07,380 In Hungary's Pillish Mountains, I'm helping an archaeological team peer into this hillside 474 00:26:07,380 --> 00:26:10,380 in search of the lost tomb of Attila Vahan. 475 00:26:10,380 --> 00:26:13,380 That actually looks like it opens up into a room. 476 00:26:13,380 --> 00:26:15,380 Then what? 477 00:26:17,380 --> 00:26:18,380 Whoa! 478 00:26:18,380 --> 00:26:20,380 There. 479 00:26:21,380 --> 00:26:22,380 What is that? 480 00:26:23,380 --> 00:26:24,380 Okay. 481 00:26:24,380 --> 00:26:25,380 It looks structural. 482 00:26:25,380 --> 00:26:27,380 There actually is a chamber here. 483 00:26:27,380 --> 00:26:29,380 After dozens of feet of indistinct tunnels, 484 00:26:29,380 --> 00:26:32,380 the rock in this chamber appears to be carved. 485 00:26:32,380 --> 00:26:36,380 There are straight edges and corners that are compelling to say the least. 486 00:26:37,380 --> 00:26:39,380 The question is, are these hollow spaces natural, 487 00:26:39,380 --> 00:26:42,380 or do you think somewhere down here there's a tomb? 488 00:26:42,380 --> 00:26:44,380 It's not natural. 489 00:26:44,380 --> 00:26:46,380 It's artificial. 490 00:26:46,380 --> 00:26:50,380 Could you keep your mouse closed? 491 00:26:50,380 --> 00:26:52,380 Keep my mouth shut about this? 492 00:26:52,380 --> 00:26:53,380 Shut up. 493 00:26:53,380 --> 00:26:54,380 Yeah, it's just the three of us. 494 00:26:54,380 --> 00:26:56,380 Nobody else will know. 495 00:26:56,380 --> 00:26:57,380 Chronicles are true. 496 00:26:57,380 --> 00:26:58,380 The history is true. 497 00:26:58,380 --> 00:27:00,380 This is Cicumbria. 498 00:27:00,380 --> 00:27:01,380 This is it. 499 00:27:01,380 --> 00:27:02,380 This is the Necropolis. 500 00:27:02,380 --> 00:27:04,380 This is the Necropolis. 501 00:27:05,380 --> 00:27:08,380 Professor Lansky clearly doesn't have any doubts, 502 00:27:08,380 --> 00:27:10,380 but I remain unsure. 503 00:27:10,380 --> 00:27:13,380 The underground spaces here could be man-made, 504 00:27:13,380 --> 00:27:16,380 but he has a long way to go before his theory that this was a city, 505 00:27:16,380 --> 00:27:18,380 let alone Cicumbria, can be verified. 506 00:27:18,380 --> 00:27:21,380 Hopefully somewhere around here is Attila. 507 00:27:21,380 --> 00:27:22,380 When you find him, you call me, huh? 508 00:27:22,380 --> 00:27:23,380 I will do. 509 00:27:23,380 --> 00:27:25,380 I appreciate it. 510 00:27:28,380 --> 00:27:30,380 I climb back into my Soviet heap, 511 00:27:30,380 --> 00:27:33,380 and I head out to meet one final seeker of Attila. 512 00:27:33,380 --> 00:27:36,380 Like Dr. Lansky, this prominent researcher is conducting 513 00:27:36,380 --> 00:27:39,380 an active dig for the tomb here in the Pillish Mountains. 514 00:27:39,380 --> 00:27:43,380 But unlike the professor, he lives behind a big iron gate. 515 00:27:46,380 --> 00:27:48,380 The gate's open, and I find myself approaching 516 00:27:48,380 --> 00:27:50,380 the Hungarian version of Wayne Manor. 517 00:27:50,380 --> 00:27:53,380 I just hope this guy doesn't have any guard dogs. 518 00:28:04,380 --> 00:28:07,380 Coming! 519 00:28:11,380 --> 00:28:12,380 Hello. 520 00:28:12,380 --> 00:28:13,380 Hello. 521 00:28:13,380 --> 00:28:14,380 How are you? 522 00:28:14,380 --> 00:28:15,380 Welcome. 523 00:28:15,380 --> 00:28:17,380 Thank you very much for having me. I appreciate it. 524 00:28:18,380 --> 00:28:20,380 Meet Leventi Sirenyi. 525 00:28:21,380 --> 00:28:24,380 You may not know who he is, I may not know who he is, 526 00:28:24,380 --> 00:28:28,380 but if you're Hungarian, you definitely know who he is. 527 00:28:28,380 --> 00:28:31,380 Part of a Beatles-style rock band in the 60s 528 00:28:31,380 --> 00:28:33,380 and a solo sensation in the 70s, 529 00:28:33,380 --> 00:28:36,380 he's been described as the John Lennon of Hungary, 530 00:28:36,380 --> 00:28:40,380 if John Lennon had written a rock opera about Attila the Hun. 531 00:28:43,380 --> 00:28:46,380 Like most archaeologists, he gives me a quick tour 532 00:28:46,380 --> 00:28:49,380 of his mansion's rock memorabilia collection. 533 00:28:49,380 --> 00:28:50,380 Guitar. 534 00:28:50,380 --> 00:28:51,380 Who's this guy? 535 00:28:51,380 --> 00:28:53,380 It's a big concert. 536 00:28:53,380 --> 00:28:55,380 You look good. You look good here. 537 00:28:55,380 --> 00:28:57,380 You clean up well. 538 00:28:57,380 --> 00:29:00,380 We still haven't exchanged a single word on Attila the Hun, 539 00:29:00,380 --> 00:29:03,380 and Leventi is insisting on showing me his wine cellar, 540 00:29:03,380 --> 00:29:06,380 where he makes every Hungarian's favorite drink, 541 00:29:06,380 --> 00:29:09,380 a deadly fruit-flavored brandy known as Palinka. 542 00:29:10,380 --> 00:29:11,380 Okay. 543 00:29:12,380 --> 00:29:13,380 Cheers. 544 00:29:16,380 --> 00:29:17,380 Oh! 545 00:29:18,380 --> 00:29:19,380 Woo-hoo-hoo! 546 00:29:19,380 --> 00:29:20,380 Hey! 547 00:29:20,380 --> 00:29:21,380 Woo! 548 00:29:21,380 --> 00:29:23,380 That's some... 549 00:29:23,380 --> 00:29:25,380 50, 50... 550 00:29:25,380 --> 00:29:27,380 50%? 551 00:29:27,380 --> 00:29:28,380 50% white. 552 00:29:28,380 --> 00:29:29,380 White. 553 00:29:29,380 --> 00:29:30,380 Alcohol. 554 00:29:30,380 --> 00:29:31,380 Alcohol? 555 00:29:31,380 --> 00:29:32,380 That's 100% alcohol. 556 00:29:33,380 --> 00:29:34,380 That is racing fuel. 557 00:29:34,380 --> 00:29:36,380 Only one shot of Palinka, 558 00:29:36,380 --> 00:29:40,380 and I get a command performance of one of his greatest hits. 559 00:29:40,380 --> 00:29:41,380 Woo-hoo! 560 00:29:46,380 --> 00:29:49,380 Swatcha-le-de-t vola-mi-cor, 561 00:29:49,380 --> 00:29:51,380 rock'n'roll mil-cule, 562 00:29:51,380 --> 00:29:54,380 I got it to the vote of the mi-cor, 563 00:29:54,380 --> 00:29:56,380 li-ri-cha-di-n-a-kel, 564 00:29:57,380 --> 00:29:59,380 li-ri-cha-di-n-a-kel. 565 00:29:59,380 --> 00:30:00,380 No. 566 00:30:00,380 --> 00:30:01,380 I love it. 567 00:30:01,380 --> 00:30:02,380 Amazing. 568 00:30:02,380 --> 00:30:05,380 How does a guy who's, you know, 569 00:30:05,380 --> 00:30:08,380 Hungary's biggest rock'n'roller 570 00:30:08,380 --> 00:30:10,380 write an opera about Attila the Hun? 571 00:30:10,380 --> 00:30:11,380 How does that happen? 572 00:30:11,380 --> 00:30:12,380 Where did the interest come from? 573 00:30:14,380 --> 00:30:16,380 My father was an archaeologist who spent years 574 00:30:16,380 --> 00:30:19,380 looking in the mountains here for ruins of the Romans 575 00:30:19,380 --> 00:30:21,380 of King Arpa de Antátila. 576 00:30:21,380 --> 00:30:23,380 For years I wanted to be like him, 577 00:30:23,380 --> 00:30:25,380 but he didn't want me to follow in his footsteps. 578 00:30:25,380 --> 00:30:27,380 So I went into music. 579 00:30:27,380 --> 00:30:28,380 How can you do that? 580 00:30:28,380 --> 00:30:31,380 This is like the reverse of how this is supposed to happen. 581 00:30:31,380 --> 00:30:33,380 Like, usually kids say they want to be a rock star, 582 00:30:33,380 --> 00:30:36,380 and their parents tell them to become a doctor or an archaeologist. 583 00:30:36,380 --> 00:30:37,380 You went the other way. 584 00:30:37,380 --> 00:30:39,380 Rock'n'roll grabbed me. 585 00:30:39,380 --> 00:30:41,380 Right, right, exactly, of course. 586 00:30:41,380 --> 00:30:43,380 So in the opera, how is Attila portrayed? 587 00:30:43,380 --> 00:30:45,380 Hun-em, hun-em. 588 00:30:45,380 --> 00:30:48,380 He was a monolith, man of great strength. 589 00:30:48,380 --> 00:30:49,380 You know how great he was, 590 00:30:49,380 --> 00:30:52,380 because people are still debating his role and character 591 00:30:52,380 --> 00:30:54,380 1800 years later. 592 00:30:54,380 --> 00:30:56,380 So in terms of his burial, 593 00:30:56,380 --> 00:30:58,380 where do you think that Attila was buried? 594 00:31:00,380 --> 00:31:02,380 Historic sources indicate that Tum of Attila 595 00:31:02,380 --> 00:31:05,380 must be somewhere here in the Piliş mountains 596 00:31:05,380 --> 00:31:07,380 near the burial of King Arpa de Antátila. 597 00:31:07,380 --> 00:31:10,380 You haven't just written an opera about Attila. 598 00:31:10,380 --> 00:31:13,380 You're actually doing excavations, correct? 599 00:31:13,380 --> 00:31:14,380 Yeah. 600 00:31:14,380 --> 00:31:15,380 So in terms of the excavation, 601 00:31:15,380 --> 00:31:17,380 what have you guys been doing up there? 602 00:31:18,380 --> 00:31:22,380 I've been devoted to the search for almost two decades, 603 00:31:22,380 --> 00:31:24,380 and I believe we're on the verge of a major find. 604 00:31:24,380 --> 00:31:26,380 Do you want to see it? 605 00:31:26,380 --> 00:31:28,380 I would love that. That would be amazing. 606 00:31:28,380 --> 00:31:29,380 You can show it to me. 607 00:31:29,380 --> 00:31:31,380 Yeah, for sure. Let's go. 608 00:31:31,380 --> 00:31:32,380 Please. 609 00:31:36,380 --> 00:31:38,380 Since my rental car is almost as dead as Brezhnev, 610 00:31:38,380 --> 00:31:42,380 I let Levente drive his 4x4 into the mountains. 611 00:31:42,380 --> 00:31:44,380 Which might be a mistake. 612 00:31:48,380 --> 00:31:49,380 We're going to hell. 613 00:31:49,380 --> 00:31:50,380 We're going to hell? 614 00:31:50,380 --> 00:31:51,380 Yeah. 615 00:31:51,380 --> 00:31:52,380 Okay. 616 00:31:55,380 --> 00:31:56,380 Look at this. 617 00:31:56,380 --> 00:31:58,380 People, tents. 618 00:31:58,380 --> 00:31:59,380 Okay. 619 00:32:00,380 --> 00:32:02,380 Eventually, we pull up at the dig site, 620 00:32:02,380 --> 00:32:04,380 and I meet Levente's team, 621 00:32:04,380 --> 00:32:06,380 including Tommas, the lead archaeologist. 622 00:32:06,380 --> 00:32:07,380 Nice to meet you. Tommas, how are you? 623 00:32:07,380 --> 00:32:08,380 And Dome. 624 00:32:08,380 --> 00:32:09,380 Nice to meet you. 625 00:32:09,380 --> 00:32:10,380 Josh. 626 00:32:10,380 --> 00:32:11,380 My name is Dome. 627 00:32:11,380 --> 00:32:13,380 An independent researcher who looks like the librarian 628 00:32:13,380 --> 00:32:14,380 at Studio 54. 629 00:32:14,380 --> 00:32:15,380 Wow, look at this place. 630 00:32:15,380 --> 00:32:16,380 This is amazing. 631 00:32:16,380 --> 00:32:18,380 It's like a little town here. 632 00:32:18,380 --> 00:32:19,380 Yeah, this is a base camp. 633 00:32:19,380 --> 00:32:20,380 Base camp. 634 00:32:20,380 --> 00:32:21,380 I like the pipe, too. 635 00:32:21,380 --> 00:32:22,380 Yeah. 636 00:32:22,380 --> 00:32:23,380 Nice touch. 637 00:32:23,380 --> 00:32:25,380 You don't see a lot of pipe smoking anymore. 638 00:32:25,380 --> 00:32:27,380 How far is the site from here? 639 00:32:27,380 --> 00:32:28,380 Ice. Not too far. 640 00:32:28,380 --> 00:32:29,380 It's like 15 minutes walk. 641 00:32:29,380 --> 00:32:30,380 Lead on. 642 00:32:30,380 --> 00:32:33,380 While Levente and Tommas go ahead to the dig site, 643 00:32:33,380 --> 00:32:36,380 Dome wants me to see their most recent discovery. 644 00:32:36,380 --> 00:32:38,380 So we hike up to a nearby ridge. 645 00:32:38,380 --> 00:32:40,380 Josh, are you afraid of heights? 646 00:32:40,380 --> 00:32:41,380 Am I afraid of heights? 647 00:32:41,380 --> 00:32:42,380 Yeah. 648 00:32:42,380 --> 00:32:43,380 No, not really. 649 00:32:43,380 --> 00:32:44,380 That's fine. 650 00:32:44,380 --> 00:32:45,380 Good. 651 00:32:46,380 --> 00:32:49,380 I follow a rope line that's been strung up the side 652 00:32:49,380 --> 00:32:50,380 of this steep hill. 653 00:32:50,380 --> 00:32:52,380 To where I have no idea. 654 00:32:52,380 --> 00:32:53,380 What's your step? 655 00:32:53,380 --> 00:32:56,380 From here, it's really dangerous. 656 00:32:58,380 --> 00:33:00,380 If you wanted to kill an American television host 657 00:33:00,380 --> 00:33:03,380 somewhere in Hungary and be sure to get away with it, 658 00:33:03,380 --> 00:33:05,380 this is your place. 659 00:33:10,380 --> 00:33:11,380 So. 660 00:33:11,380 --> 00:33:13,380 I see climbing gear. 661 00:33:13,380 --> 00:33:14,380 Yeah, this is it. 662 00:33:14,380 --> 00:33:15,380 Further up? 663 00:33:15,380 --> 00:33:16,380 No, down there. 664 00:33:16,380 --> 00:33:17,380 Down where? 665 00:33:18,380 --> 00:33:20,380 You can hardly see it from here. 666 00:33:20,380 --> 00:33:21,380 You have to climb there. 667 00:33:21,380 --> 00:33:22,380 Okay. 668 00:33:22,380 --> 00:33:23,380 There's an entrance there. 669 00:33:23,380 --> 00:33:24,380 An entrance? 670 00:33:24,380 --> 00:33:25,380 Yeah, an entrance. 671 00:33:25,380 --> 00:33:26,380 An entrance to what? 672 00:33:26,380 --> 00:33:28,380 Oh, we're going to find out. 673 00:33:28,380 --> 00:33:29,380 Okay. 674 00:33:29,380 --> 00:33:30,380 Cool. 675 00:33:30,380 --> 00:33:31,380 All right. 676 00:33:31,380 --> 00:33:32,380 Let's do it. 677 00:33:37,380 --> 00:33:39,380 We don cave in gear and prepare to repel down 678 00:33:39,380 --> 00:33:43,380 to see something that Zarengi and his team recently discovered. 679 00:33:43,380 --> 00:33:44,380 You ready? 680 00:33:44,380 --> 00:33:45,380 I'm ready. 681 00:33:45,380 --> 00:33:46,380 Then? 682 00:33:46,380 --> 00:33:47,380 Shall we go? 683 00:33:47,380 --> 00:33:48,380 Let's go. 684 00:33:49,380 --> 00:33:53,380 And not for the first time, I find myself in a literal cliff hang. 685 00:33:54,380 --> 00:33:55,380 Damn, coming down. 686 00:33:55,380 --> 00:33:57,380 Starting to get wet. 687 00:34:03,380 --> 00:34:05,380 I'm in the pillage mountains of Hungary, 688 00:34:05,380 --> 00:34:08,380 repelling with the protege of an obsessed rock star 689 00:34:08,380 --> 00:34:10,380 in search of the tomb of a till of the hunt. 690 00:34:10,380 --> 00:34:12,380 As we get further down the cliff, 691 00:34:12,380 --> 00:34:16,380 I notice that we're approaching the top of a dark and narrow chamber. 692 00:34:19,380 --> 00:34:20,380 Man, it just keeps going. 693 00:34:21,380 --> 00:34:22,380 A few more. 694 00:34:23,380 --> 00:34:24,380 I think it's under. 695 00:34:30,380 --> 00:34:31,380 That's crazy. 696 00:34:31,380 --> 00:34:32,380 That is crazy. 697 00:34:33,380 --> 00:34:34,380 Nice work. 698 00:34:35,380 --> 00:34:36,380 Congratulations. 699 00:34:36,380 --> 00:34:37,380 Okay. 700 00:34:37,380 --> 00:34:38,380 Show me where it goes. 701 00:34:38,380 --> 00:34:39,380 Let's see. 702 00:34:40,380 --> 00:34:42,380 We clamor into a larger chamber, 703 00:34:42,380 --> 00:34:46,380 and I'm immediately struck by signs of human activity here. 704 00:34:47,380 --> 00:34:48,380 Wow. 705 00:34:48,380 --> 00:34:51,380 This isn't a natural formation, not by a long shot. 706 00:34:51,380 --> 00:34:54,380 All of this was definitely hand cut. 707 00:34:54,380 --> 00:34:56,380 This was all chiseled out for sure. 708 00:34:56,380 --> 00:35:00,380 You can see, you know, pick marks, chisel marks everywhere you look. 709 00:35:00,380 --> 00:35:01,380 Yeah, it's man-made. 710 00:35:01,380 --> 00:35:02,380 Yeah. 711 00:35:02,380 --> 00:35:04,380 So, okay, so what is this place? 712 00:35:04,380 --> 00:35:05,380 What do you guys think this is? 713 00:35:05,380 --> 00:35:10,380 We think that originally it might have been a Roman mine. 714 00:35:11,380 --> 00:35:14,380 The Romans controlled this area for 500 years, 715 00:35:14,380 --> 00:35:17,380 and it shouldn't come as a shock that they found this quarry. 716 00:35:17,380 --> 00:35:19,380 The rock is volcanic, relatively light, 717 00:35:19,380 --> 00:35:21,380 and perfect for construction use. 718 00:35:21,380 --> 00:35:23,380 Is it just a Roman site or was it used later? 719 00:35:23,380 --> 00:35:27,380 No, actually, we're sure that it was... 720 00:35:27,380 --> 00:35:30,380 We used it for several times during history. 721 00:35:30,380 --> 00:35:32,380 And why do you know that? 722 00:35:32,380 --> 00:35:34,380 We have found a lot of ceramics. 723 00:35:34,380 --> 00:35:35,380 Ceramics. 724 00:35:35,380 --> 00:35:36,380 And they date to when? 725 00:35:36,380 --> 00:35:41,380 The ceramics date back both to Attila's age and Arpan's age. 726 00:35:41,380 --> 00:35:42,380 Really? 727 00:35:42,380 --> 00:35:44,380 That's really cool, because there is this school of thought 728 00:35:44,380 --> 00:35:46,380 that Arpan and Attila are buried near each other. 729 00:35:46,380 --> 00:35:49,380 So if you're finding stuff from both periods, that's a great sign. 730 00:35:49,380 --> 00:35:50,380 Correct. 731 00:35:50,380 --> 00:35:53,380 And where have most of those finds come from here? 732 00:35:53,380 --> 00:35:57,380 Most of the findings came from the main pit we are working now. 733 00:35:57,380 --> 00:35:58,380 And can we see what they're digging up there? 734 00:35:58,380 --> 00:35:59,380 Yeah, I'll show you. 735 00:35:59,380 --> 00:36:00,380 Yeah, for sure, please. 736 00:36:00,380 --> 00:36:01,380 Let's go. 737 00:36:01,380 --> 00:36:02,380 Yeah. 738 00:36:05,380 --> 00:36:10,380 To get out of the mine, we crawl through a narrow tunnel 739 00:36:10,380 --> 00:36:15,380 and then up a ladder into one of the coolest excavations I've ever seen. 740 00:36:25,380 --> 00:36:28,380 Wow, look at this place. 741 00:36:28,380 --> 00:36:29,380 It's amazing. 742 00:36:29,380 --> 00:36:32,380 It's got a full-scale operation going up here. 743 00:36:32,380 --> 00:36:33,380 It's huge. 744 00:36:33,380 --> 00:36:38,380 I mean, it's so much bigger than I thought it was going to be. 745 00:36:38,380 --> 00:36:43,380 It's like a movie set, a production designer's idea of the quintessential dig site. 746 00:36:43,380 --> 00:36:48,380 The rest of Levente's team is here, carefully extracting stones from the quarry 747 00:36:48,380 --> 00:36:51,380 to see what's hidden underneath. 748 00:36:51,380 --> 00:36:52,380 Wow, look at it. 749 00:36:52,380 --> 00:36:55,380 From down here, you can really tell that it was quarried. 750 00:36:55,380 --> 00:36:57,380 I mean, you can clearly see where all the blocks were taken out. 751 00:36:57,380 --> 00:36:58,380 It's just all terraced, yeah? 752 00:36:58,380 --> 00:36:59,380 Exactly, yeah. 753 00:36:59,380 --> 00:37:00,380 You're right. 754 00:37:00,380 --> 00:37:01,380 And look at how perfect those blocks are. 755 00:37:01,380 --> 00:37:02,380 I think they left them here. 756 00:37:02,380 --> 00:37:05,380 Maybe that's from the very end of the use here, that that's like when they abandoned the site. 757 00:37:05,380 --> 00:37:06,380 Absolutely. 758 00:37:06,380 --> 00:37:08,380 And it finished work here, yeah. 759 00:37:09,380 --> 00:37:13,380 We walk deeper into the pit to observe the excavations in progress, 760 00:37:13,380 --> 00:37:16,380 which turn out to be brimming with discovery. 761 00:37:19,380 --> 00:37:23,380 This is, it says, just found something again, it's first. 762 00:37:23,380 --> 00:37:24,380 What's it got? 763 00:37:24,380 --> 00:37:25,380 Have a look. 764 00:37:25,380 --> 00:37:26,380 What do you got? 765 00:37:26,380 --> 00:37:28,380 Oh, look at that. 766 00:37:28,380 --> 00:37:30,380 That is awesome. 767 00:37:30,380 --> 00:37:31,380 Look at that. 768 00:37:31,380 --> 00:37:32,380 What's that? 769 00:37:32,380 --> 00:37:33,380 It's metal, yeah? 770 00:37:33,380 --> 00:37:34,380 Yeah, absolutely. 771 00:37:34,380 --> 00:37:36,380 So much, what is it? 772 00:37:36,380 --> 00:37:37,380 It's a two. 773 00:37:37,380 --> 00:37:38,380 Like an axe. 774 00:37:38,380 --> 00:37:39,380 Like an axe, yes. 775 00:37:39,380 --> 00:37:41,380 Or like a pick. 776 00:37:41,380 --> 00:37:42,380 Yes, very. 777 00:37:42,380 --> 00:37:44,380 And how old do you think that is? 778 00:37:44,380 --> 00:37:48,380 It's coming from second till fifth century. 779 00:37:48,380 --> 00:37:49,380 1500 years old. 780 00:37:49,380 --> 00:37:50,380 Yes. 781 00:37:50,380 --> 00:37:51,380 How cool is that? 782 00:37:51,380 --> 00:37:52,380 Yes. 783 00:37:52,380 --> 00:37:55,380 This historic relic is a terrific find 784 00:37:55,380 --> 00:37:58,380 and could well be from the time of a till of a hunt. 785 00:37:58,380 --> 00:38:00,380 To see those chisel marks in the cave, 786 00:38:00,380 --> 00:38:03,380 but then to see, you know, this could be the tool that made those. 787 00:38:03,380 --> 00:38:04,380 Absolutely. 788 00:38:04,380 --> 00:38:05,380 It really connects you to it. 789 00:38:05,380 --> 00:38:06,380 I'm sure. 790 00:38:06,380 --> 00:38:07,380 You really get a sense that someone was here, 791 00:38:07,380 --> 00:38:09,380 somebody was using that tool. 792 00:38:09,380 --> 00:38:13,380 It's just such a powerful connection to the past, that's great. 793 00:38:13,380 --> 00:38:16,380 We barely have time to bask in the discovery 794 00:38:16,380 --> 00:38:19,380 when the Hungarian John Lennon calls us over. 795 00:38:19,380 --> 00:38:23,380 Tomas, you are a very good person. 796 00:38:23,380 --> 00:38:24,380 Like a bird. 797 00:38:24,380 --> 00:38:25,380 Like a bird. 798 00:38:25,380 --> 00:38:27,380 Like a bird, yeah. 799 00:38:27,380 --> 00:38:28,380 Where? 800 00:38:32,380 --> 00:38:33,380 Found bones. 801 00:38:33,380 --> 00:38:36,380 Where? 802 00:38:36,380 --> 00:38:38,380 We race to the top of the quarry. 803 00:38:38,380 --> 00:38:40,380 If Zarenyi has found bones, 804 00:38:40,380 --> 00:38:43,380 could these be the remains of Attila himself? 805 00:38:52,380 --> 00:38:55,380 In an ancient quarry in Hungary's Pilsch mountains, 806 00:38:55,380 --> 00:38:58,380 my search for the lost tomb of Attila the Hump 807 00:38:58,380 --> 00:39:01,380 has just turned up some potentially explosive evidence. 808 00:39:01,380 --> 00:39:02,380 What did you find? 809 00:39:02,380 --> 00:39:03,380 Buried bones. 810 00:39:03,380 --> 00:39:04,380 Wow. 811 00:39:04,380 --> 00:39:06,380 So it looks like three bones? 812 00:39:06,380 --> 00:39:09,380 Yes, three bones. 813 00:39:09,380 --> 00:39:10,380 Uh-huh. 814 00:39:10,380 --> 00:39:11,380 And what do you think? 815 00:39:11,380 --> 00:39:12,380 Do you think animal? 816 00:39:12,380 --> 00:39:13,380 Absolutely animal. 817 00:39:13,380 --> 00:39:14,380 Animal? 818 00:39:14,380 --> 00:39:15,380 Animal. 819 00:39:15,380 --> 00:39:16,380 Not human? 820 00:39:16,380 --> 00:39:17,380 No, no way. 821 00:39:17,380 --> 00:39:18,380 So you think this could be from a sacrifice? 822 00:39:18,380 --> 00:39:19,380 Yeah, yeah. 823 00:39:19,380 --> 00:39:21,380 I think so. 824 00:39:21,380 --> 00:39:23,380 Animal sacrifice is not so unusual, 825 00:39:23,380 --> 00:39:26,380 but this is an unusual place for it. 826 00:39:26,380 --> 00:39:28,380 Do you think that along with the mining here, 827 00:39:28,380 --> 00:39:32,380 that there could be something more significant at this site? 828 00:39:32,380 --> 00:39:35,380 Yes, along with sacrificial offerings like this, 829 00:39:35,380 --> 00:39:38,380 the entire site was buried, perhaps intentionally hidden. 830 00:39:38,380 --> 00:39:40,380 This suggests the site could be more important 831 00:39:40,380 --> 00:39:42,380 than as just a mine. 832 00:39:42,380 --> 00:39:44,380 It took great effort to cover all of this. 833 00:39:44,380 --> 00:39:46,380 There must be a reason. 834 00:39:47,380 --> 00:39:49,380 A sacrificial altar and a hidden site 835 00:39:49,380 --> 00:39:51,380 might mean this was a holy place. 836 00:39:51,380 --> 00:39:55,380 If so, it's possible that Arpad and Attila could be nearby. 837 00:39:55,380 --> 00:39:58,380 Are you hopeful that the tomb of Arpad 838 00:39:58,380 --> 00:40:01,380 or the tomb of Attila could be somewhere in these hills? 839 00:40:01,380 --> 00:40:03,380 At all ages in this album. 840 00:40:03,380 --> 00:40:07,380 Without a doubt, so far this site has closely matched 841 00:40:07,380 --> 00:40:08,380 our archival evidence. 842 00:40:08,380 --> 00:40:12,380 Arpad or Attila may be right here, just under our feet. 843 00:40:12,380 --> 00:40:14,380 You just need more time? 844 00:40:14,380 --> 00:40:16,380 Maybe two years. 845 00:40:16,380 --> 00:40:17,380 Two years, you think? 846 00:40:17,380 --> 00:40:18,380 Yeah, yeah. 847 00:40:18,380 --> 00:40:21,380 Okay, so a little more time, a lot more digging. 848 00:40:21,380 --> 00:40:22,380 Yeah? 849 00:40:22,380 --> 00:40:23,380 Okay. 850 00:40:23,380 --> 00:40:25,380 In the meantime, the rain is coming down. 851 00:40:25,380 --> 00:40:27,380 Should we go warm up with a little, what's it called? 852 00:40:27,380 --> 00:40:28,380 Palinka. 853 00:40:28,380 --> 00:40:29,380 Palinka. 854 00:40:29,380 --> 00:40:30,380 Good idea. 855 00:40:30,380 --> 00:40:31,380 Very good idea. 856 00:40:31,380 --> 00:40:33,380 Let's go, let's go to Palinka. 857 00:40:33,380 --> 00:40:34,380 To Palinka. 858 00:40:34,380 --> 00:40:35,380 Come on. 859 00:40:35,380 --> 00:40:38,380 We call it a day and head off to drink to the new discoveries here, 860 00:40:38,380 --> 00:40:41,380 with the hopes that Attila could be next. 861 00:40:43,380 --> 00:40:45,380 Attila the Hun's tomb has yet to be found, 862 00:40:45,380 --> 00:40:49,380 and the mystery of its location persists exactly as he intended, 863 00:40:49,380 --> 00:40:53,380 but we should not expect it to remain this way forever. 864 00:40:53,380 --> 00:40:57,380 Dedicated explorers appear to be closing in on the solution 865 00:40:57,380 --> 00:40:59,380 to this historic puzzle. 866 00:40:59,380 --> 00:41:03,380 They are toiling away in the murkiness of the Danube River, 867 00:41:03,380 --> 00:41:07,380 which is yielding up prizes from another warlord's reign. 868 00:41:09,380 --> 00:41:13,380 They are cracking long lost clues in historic manuscripts, 869 00:41:14,380 --> 00:41:18,380 and scouring the forest floor for whisperings of a vanished capital. 870 00:41:20,380 --> 00:41:23,380 And deep in a forgotten mind, an actual rock star 871 00:41:23,380 --> 00:41:28,380 is devoting his resources to unraveling the meaning behind mysterious offerings. 872 00:41:30,380 --> 00:41:32,380 Attila the Hun was the scourge of empires. 873 00:41:32,380 --> 00:41:34,380 His exploits are the stuff of legend. 874 00:41:35,380 --> 00:41:38,380 And he knew that the only way to maintain power in death 875 00:41:38,380 --> 00:41:40,380 was to disappear. 876 00:41:40,380 --> 00:41:44,380 But nothing, and nobody, can remain hidden forever.